Image ID: 25889
Image by: Dakar, Jacob
Image Collection: NCBG Digital Library
PLANT INDEX
ID_PLANT: TYAN
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Typha angustifolia
Include in WOTAS: 1
Publish to Web: 1
Last Modified: 2018-01-10
GENUS INDEX
GENUS CODE: TYPHA GENUS SCIENTIFIC:Typha GENUS AUTHORITY: L. GENUS COMMON: Cattail GENUS SUMMARY: A genus of 8-13 species, wetland herbs, cosmopolitan. GENUS IDENTIFICATION: GENUS REFERENCES: Ward (2007a)=Z; Smith in FNA (2000); Kubitzki in Kubitzki (1998b). Key adapted from FNA.
FAMILY INDEX
FAMILY CODE: TYPHAC FAMILY SCIENTIFIC:Typhaceae FAMILY AUTHORITY: A.L. de Jussieu 1789 FAMILY COMMON: Cattail Family FAMILY SUMMARY: A family of 2 genera with 16-30 species, wetland herbs, cosmopolitan. The combination of the traditional families Typhaceae and Sparaganiaceae is controversial; while there is no doubt of their sister relationship, they are amply distinct and arguably best and conservatively retained as separate families. FAMILY REFERENCE: Kaul in FNA (2000); Smith in FNA (2000); Thieret & Luken (1996); Kubitzki in Kubitzki (1998b). [including SPARGANIACEAE]
NCBG DESCRIPTIVES
INTRO:Emergentaquaticperennial of brackish to fresh waters of marshes and swamps, usually tidal, and also inland in non-tidal wetlands (where it is probably introduced); often forming colonies. STEMS: Stems stout, stiff, unbranched. LEAVES: Leaves mostly basal,alternate and overlapping, with sheathingbase and small lobes where sheath meets blade,linear, 1 1/2-5 ft. long and no more than 1/2 in. wide, with the inner surface flat to slightly concave. INFLORESCENCE: FLOWERS: Flowers in a cylindridal terminalspike broken into 2 sections, the lower part all female (pistillate) flowers and the upper (separated by a gap) all male (staminate) flowers. The tiny flowers are densely packed, the female ones starting out pale green and becoming dark brown, the male ones yellowish-brown. FRUITS:Fruit numerous minute nutlets with fluffy white tufts. COMMENTS: The similar T. domingensis is infrequently found in similar habitats. Its leaves mostly lack the lobes at the junction of blade and sheath; the pistillate portion of the spike is light cinnamon-brown at maturity rather than dark brown. HEIGHT: 3-5 ft. DURATION:
Perennial
HABIT:
Herb
LEAF ARRANGEMENT:
Basal LEAF COMPLEXITY:
Simple LEAF RETENTION: FLORAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMMETRY:
BLOOM TIME: May-Jul
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
x
x
x
x
x
BLOOM COLOR: Green and brown
White
Red
Pink
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Lavender
Purple
Violet
Brown
Not Applicable
x
x
FRUITING PERIOD: Jun-Nov. DISTRIBUTION
HABITAT TYPE: Aquatic
NATIVE RANGE: eastern & central North America HORTICULTURAL
Plant Sale Text:
Bloom Table Text:
NCBG Location:
Cultural Notes:
SOIL MOISTURE:
Moist/Wet
LIGHT EXPOSURE:
Sun, Part Shade
MINIMUM HARDINESS ZONE:
MAXIMUM HARDINESS ZONE:
GERMINATION CODE:
WILDLIFE VALUE:
DEER RESISTANCE:
This information is derived from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 2016 National Wetland Plant List, Version 3.3 (Lichvar, R.W., D.L. Banks, W.N. Kirchner, and N.C. Melvin. 2016. The National Wetland Plant List: 2016 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron 2016-30: 1-17. Published 28 April 2016. ISSN 2153 733X). Regions: AGCP-Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain, AK-Alaska, AW-Arid West, CB-Caribbean, EMP-Eastern Mountains and Piedmont, GP-Great Plains, HI-Hawaii, MW-Midwest, NCNE-Northcentral and Northeast, WMCV-Western Mountains, Valleys & Coast
WEAKLEY FLORA
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Typha angustifolia
COMMON NAME: Narrowleaf Cattail
SYNONYMY: [= C, F, FNA, G, GW, K, Pa, RAB, Va, W, WH3, WV, Z; < T. angustifolia - S (also see T. domingensis)]
PHENOLOGY: May-Jul; Jun-Nov.
HABITAT: Brackish to fresh waters of marshes and swamps, usually tidal, and also inland in non-tidal wetlands (where probably only introduced).
COMMENTS: NS west to ND, south to SC, FL (?), LA, and TX (?); Eurasia. Stuckey & Salamon (1987) consider T. angustifolia an invasive alien in North America, but later studies suggest that it was native at least in coastal areas of ne. and Mid-Atlantic North America, and has expanded its range westward in recent decades (Shih & Finkelstein 2008).
RANGE MAP: Typha angustifolia.png
Key to Map SymbolsABOUT FAMILY (Weakley Flora) Typhaceae A.L. de Jussieu 1789 (Cattail Family) SUMMARY: A family of 2 genera with 16-30 species, wetland herbs, cosmopolitan. The combination of the traditional families Typhaceae and Sparaganiaceae is controversial; while there is no doubt of their sister relationship, they are amply distinct and arguably best and conservatively retained as separate families. REFERENCE: Kaul in FNA (2000); Smith in FNA (2000); Thieret & Luken (1996); Kubitzki in Kubitzki (1998b). [including SPARGANIACEAE]ABOUT GENUS (Weakley Flora) Typha L. (Cattail) SUMMARY: A genus of 8-13 species, wetland herbs, cosmopolitan. REFERENCE: Ward (2007a)=Z; Smith in FNA (2000); Kubitzki in Kubitzki (1998b). Key adapted from FNA.
HERBARIUM RESOURCES
SERNEC: Find Typha angustifolia in Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available) UNC SERNEC: Find Typha angustifolia in
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Herbarium - Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)