North Carolina Botanical Garden

Plant Index

Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Genus:
Family:

Juniperus virginiana

Juniperus virginiana L.

eastern red cedar, coastal red-cedar, red-cedar, southern red-cedar

Cultivar(s): Burkii, Glauca, Grey Owl, Hillspire, Reptans

Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Red Cedar)

Image ID: 19682
Image by: Dakar, Jacob
Image Collection: NCBG Digital Library

PLANT INDEX

ID_PLANT: JUVI
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Juniperus virginiana
Include in WOTAS: 0
Publish to Web: 1
Last Modified: 2019-11-30

CULTIVAR INDEX

Cult_id	Cultivar_name	Action
1413	Burkii	View
1414	Glauca	View
1415	Grey Owl	View
1730	Hillspire	View
1416	Reptans	View

GENUS INDEX

GENUS CODE: JUNIP
GENUS SCIENTIFIC: Juniperus
GENUS AUTHORITY: L.
GENUS COMMON: Juniper
GENUS SUMMARY: A genus of about 60 species, trees and shrubs, of temperate, boreal, and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Various species of Juniperus, especially creeping species, are frequently used in landscaping. Molecular studies suggest that section Juniperus (J. communis var. depressa in our area) and section Sabina (J. virginiana in our area) are quite divergent (Adams & Demeke 1993). Smalls (1933) recognition of the genus Sabina may prove to be warranted; some modern authors accept it (especially Europeans) and recent molecular evidence provides some support.
GENUS IDENTIFICATION:
GENUS REFERENCES: Adams (2008b, 2008c)=Z; Adams in FNA (1993b); Adams (1986); Adams & Demeke (1993); Adams (1995, 2008a); Page in Kramer & Green (1990).

FAMILY INDEX

FAMILY CODE: CUPRES
FAMILY SCIENTIFIC: Cupressaceae
FAMILY AUTHORITY: Bartlett 1830
FAMILY COMMON: Cypress Family
FAMILY SUMMARY: A family of about 29 genera and about 130 species. Recent studies indicate that the separation of the Taxodiaceae from the Cupressaceae is not warranted, and they are here combined (Gadek et al. 2000; Brunsfeld et al. 1994). The subfamilial classification used here follows Gadek et al. (2000).
FAMILY REFERENCE: Farjon (2005); Hart & Price (1990); Hardin (1971b); Watson & Eckenwalder in FNA (1993b); Page in Kramer & Green (1990).

NCBG DESCRIPTIVES

INTRO:
STEMS: Pith absent. Young twigs (1-year-old or less) green or reddish-brown, 0.75â€“1 mm wide, glabrous. Twigs (2â€“4 years old) glabrous, scaly. Leaf scars absent, bundle scars absent, stipule scars absent. Bark of mature trunks exfoliating or shreddy. Buds axillary or terminal, green, 0.1â€“0.5 mm long.
LEAVES: Leaves evergreen, needle-like or scale-like, simple, sessile, opposite or whorled or decussate, four-ranked or imbricate, spreading or ascending or appressed, needles solitary, 0.1â€“1 cm long, 0.05â€“0.15 cm wide, awl-shaped or lanceolate or oval or ovate or rhombic, leaf margins entire, leaf apices acuminate or acute or obtuse, leaf bases decurrent or sheathing, leaf cross section two-angled or three-angled, keeled below. Leaf upper surface blue-green or brown or green or reddish-brown or yellow-green, glabrous. Leaf lower surface blue-green or brown or green or reddish-brown or yellow-green, glabrous. Stipules absent.
INFLORESCENCE:
FLOWERS: Pollen cones shedding pollen January or February or March, (0.25â€“)0.3â€“0.4(â€“0.6) cm long. Seed cone maturation 1 years. Seed cones remaining closed, terminal, sessile, nearly symmetric or symmetric, before opening globose or ovoid, 0.3â€“0.6(â€“0.7) cm long, immature seed cones green, mature seed cones blue or violet. Seed cone scales fleshy.
FRUITS:
COMMENTS: Seed cones fleshy and berry-like.
HEIGHT: (2â€“)10â€“20(â€“37) m tall.

DURATION: Perennial
HABIT: Tree

LEAF ARRANGEMENT: Opposite, Whorled
LEAF COMPLEXITY: Simple
LEAF RETENTION: Evergreen

FLORAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMMETRY:
BLOOM TIME:

Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
		x	x	x

BLOOM COLOR: N/A

White	Red	Pink	Orange	Yellow	Green	Blue	Lavender	Purple	Violet	Brown	Not Applicable
											x

FRUITING PERIOD:

DISTRIBUTION
HABITAT TYPE: Bottomlands, Disturbed, Dry forests, Moist forests, Woods margins
NATIVE RANGE: eastern & central North America

HORTICULTURAL
Plant Sale Text: Eastern redcedar is commonly found in old fields, fence-lines, and along woodland edges in the Southeast. Though most trees are less than 20 feet tall, very old specimens may reach 60 feet. With sun and space, it grows much like a Christmas tree. The species is dioecious: females bear light blue berries and males bear small cones on the tips of twigs. Good choice as a stand-alone specimen or as a screen tree. The fruits are a staple for small mammals and birds. The genus Juniperus supports up to 37 lepidoptera species.

Bloom Table Text:

NCBG Location:

Cultural Notes:

SOIL MOISTURE: Dry, Average
LIGHT EXPOSURE: Sun
MINIMUM HARDINESS ZONE: 4
MAXIMUM HARDINESS ZONE: 9
GERMINATION CODE:
WILDLIFE VALUE: Butterfly Friendly, Bird Friendly
DEER RESISTANCE:

GRIM COLLECTIONS

Coll_id	Project	Collection date	Collector	Action
455	SOS	2015-08-19	Dakar	View
555	SOS	2015-10-14	Heraty	View
571	SOS	2015-10-16	Driskill	View
584	SOS	2015-10-21	Heraty	View
1791	HORT	2005-01-01	Liloia	View
1799	HORT	2005-01-01	Liloia	View
2453	HORT	2021-02-26	Stern	View

GRIM ACCESSIONS

acc_id	acc_num	acc_dt	coll_id	Action
495	1985-0111			View
496	1985-0112			View
497	1985-0113			View
498	1985-0114			View
499	1985-0115			View
1322	1986-1097			View
1957	1986-1745			View
3495	1991-0145			View
3725	1991-0420			View
4453	1992-0609			View
4895	1995-0013			View
5142	1995-0261			View
5570	1995-0694			View
6150	1995-1282			View
8608	2006-0190	2006-08-18		View
8609	2006-0191	2006-08-18		View
8754	2006-0686	2007-01-19		View
8776	2007-0046	2007-03-14		View
8805	2007-0075	2007-03-13		View
8815	2007-0085	2007-03-13		View
9316	2011-0295	2011-10-25		View
9362	2021-0023	2021-03-29	2453	View

GRIM PLANTINGS

plt_num	acc_id	loc_num	pers_num	inst_dt	Action
1119	495	167	NCBG staff	1996-01-01	View
1120	495	154	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
1121	495	158	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
1122	495	162	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
1123	495	173	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
1124	495	174	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
1125	496	177	NCBG staff	1980-01-21	View
1126	497	160	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
1127	498	176	NCBG staff	1980-01-21	View
1128	499	177	NCBG staff	1980-01-21	View
2301	1322	81	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
2302	1322	81	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
3123	1957	6	NCBG staff	1967-12-31	View
3124	1957	58	NCBG staff	1986-12-22	View
3125	1957	64	NCBG staff	1986-12-22	View
3126	1957	79	NCBG staff	1986-12-22	View
3127	1957	136	NCBG staff	1967-12-31	View
5750	3495	81	NCBG staff	1990-01-01	View
6031	3725	52	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
6032	3725	199	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
6781	4453	200	NCBG staff	1993-03-01	View
7314	4895	202	NCBG staff	1992-01-01	View
7568	5142	203	NCBG staff	1992-01-01	View
8084	5570	204	NCBG staff	1993-01-01	View
8805	6150	2	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
11800	8608	140	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
11801	8609	140	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
11999	8754	134	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
12028	8776	69	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
12059	8805	70	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
12073	8815	71	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
12453	9316	23	Liloia	2011-10-25	View
12454	9316	12	Liloia	2011-10-25	View
12568	9362	238	Stern	2021-03-12	View
12569	9362	237	Stern	2021-03-12	View
12787	0	14	Liloia	0000-00-00	View
13003	0	17	Liloia	0000-00-00	View
13014	0	15	Liloia	0000-00-00	View
13075	0	25	Liloia	0000-00-00	View
13100	0	18	Liloia	0000-00-00	View
13244	0	105	Wait	0000-00-00	View
13411	0	205	NCBG staff	0000-00-00	View
14084	0	34	Wait	1899-11-30	View

USDA PLANTS DATABASE

USDA Symbol: JUVI
USDA Common Name: Eastern Redcedar
Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (N)
Distribution: USA (AL, AR, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV), CAN (ON, QC)
Duration: Perennial
Growth Habit: Tree

NATIONAL WETLAND INDICATOR STATUS

Region:	AGCP	AK	AW	CB	EMP	GP	HI	MW	NCNE	WMVE
Status:	FACU		FACU		FACU	UPL		FACU	FACU	FACU

This information is derived from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 2016 National Wetland Plant List, Version 3.3 (Lichvar, R.W., D.L. Banks, W.N. Kirchner, and N.C. Melvin. 2016. The National Wetland Plant List: 2016 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron 2016-30: 1-17. Published 28 April 2016. ISSN 2153 733X). Regions: AGCP-Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain, AK-Alaska, AW-Arid West, CB-Caribbean, EMP-Eastern Mountains and Piedmont, GP-Great Plains, HI-Hawaii, MW-Midwest, NCNE-Northcentral and Northeast, WMCV-Western Mountains, Valleys & Coast

WEAKLEY FLORA

SCIENTIFIC NAME:
COMMON NAME:
SYNONYMY:
PHENOLOGY:
HABITAT:
COMMENTS:
RANGE MAP:

Key to Map Symbols

ABOUT FAMILY (Weakley Flora)
Cupressaceae Bartlett 1830 (Cypress Family)
SUMMARY: A family of about 29 genera and about 130 species. Recent studies indicate that the separation of the Taxodiaceae from the Cupressaceae is not warranted, and they are here combined (Gadek et al. 2000; Brunsfeld et al. 1994). The subfamilial classification used here follows Gadek et al. (2000).
REFERENCE: Farjon (2005); Hart & Price (1990); Hardin (1971b); Watson & Eckenwalder in FNA (1993b); Page in Kramer & Green (1990).

ABOUT GENUS (Weakley Flora)
Juniperus L. (Juniper)
SUMMARY: A genus of about 60 species, trees and shrubs, of temperate, boreal, and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Various species of Juniperus, especially creeping species, are frequently used in landscaping. Molecular studies suggest that section Juniperus (J. communis var. depressa in our area) and section Sabina (J. virginiana in our area) are quite divergent (Adams & Demeke 1993). Smalls (1933) recognition of the genus Sabina may prove to be warranted; some modern authors accept it (especially Europeans) and recent molecular evidence provides some support.
REFERENCE: Adams (2008b, 2008c)=Z; Adams in FNA (1993b); Adams (1986); Adams & Demeke (1993); Adams (1995, 2008a); Page in Kramer & Green (1990).

HERBARIUM RESOURCES

SERNEC: Find Juniperus virginiana in Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)
UNC SERNEC: Find Juniperus virginiana in University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Herbarium - Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)

WEB RESOURCES

USDA: Find Juniperus virginiana in USDA Plants
NPIN: Find Juniperus virginiana in NPIN Database
FNA: Find Juniperus virginiana in the Flora of North America (if available)
Google: Search Google for Juniperus virginiana

IMAGE USE RECORDS

ID IMAGE: 19682 - Primary Image FloraQuest Plant Detail Page (Landscape Preferred)
ID IMAGE1: 19682 - Primary Image WOTAS
ID IMAGE2: 0 - Secondary Image WOTAS
ID IMAGE3: 19682 - Primary Image Plant Sale Sign (Landscape Only)
ID IMAGE4: 0 - Primary Image New Plant Sale Label (Portrait Only)