Plant Index

 
 
 
 

Hymenocallis occidentalis

Hymenocallis occidentalis (J. Le Conte) Kunth

hammock spiderlily, northern spiderlily, woodland spiderlily

Hymenocallis occidentalis (Hammock Spiderlily)
Image ID: 21599
Image by: Griffiths, Floyd A.
Image Collection: NCBG Digital Library

PLANT INDEX

ID_PLANT: HYOC2
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Hymenocallis occidentalis
Include in WOTAS: 1
Publish to Web: 1
Last Modified: 2018-01-22

GENUS INDEX

GENUS CODE: HYMEN2
GENUS SCIENTIFIC: Hymenocallis
GENUS AUTHORITY: Salisb.
GENUS COMMON: Spiderlily
GENUS SUMMARY: A genus of about 50 species, from s. North America and the West Indies south to ne. South America. The appropriate systematics and nomenclature of Hymenocallis in se. United States are still unstable and uncertain. Recent publications by Smith and co-workers (e.g. Smith & Garland 1996, 2003; Smith & Flory 1990; Smith & Flory in FNA (2002a) have revolutionized our understanding of southeastern United States Hymenocallis.
GENUS IDENTIFICATION: Identification notes: Hymenocallis can be distinguished vegetatively from Crinum by its distichous (vs. spiral) leaf arrangement and leaf margins entire (vs. finely toothed).
GENUS REFERENCES: Smith & Garland (2003)=Z; Meerow & Snijman in Kubitzki (1998a); Smith & Flory in FNA (2002a); Garland, Smith, & Anderson (2013). Key adapted from Smith & Flory in FNA (2002a).

FAMILY INDEX

FAMILY CODE: LILIAC
FAMILY SCIENTIFIC: Liliaceae
FAMILY AUTHORITY: A.L. de Jussieu 1789
FAMILY COMMON: Lily Family
FAMILY SUMMARY: As here interpreted narrowly, the Liliaceae constitutes about 11 genera and 550 species, of the Northern Hemisphere. There has been much investigation and re-interpretation of evidence regarding the upper-level taxonomy of the Liliales, with strong suggestions that the broad Liliaceae recognized by Cronquist (1981) is artificial and polyphyletic. Cronquist (1981) himself concurs, at least to a degree: we still await a comprehensive reorganization of the lilies into several families more comparable to other recognized families of angiosperms. Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) and Dahlgren, Clifford, & Yeo (1985) synthesized an early phase in the modern revolution of monocot taxonomy. Since then, additional research, especially molecular (Duvall et al. 1993, Chase et al. 1993, Bogler & Simpson 1995, and many others more recently), has strongly validated the general lines (and many details) of Dahlgrens arrangement.
FAMILY REFERENCE: Chen et al. (2013); Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998, 2003, 2009); Tamura in Kubitzki (1998a). [also see AGAVACEAE, ALLIACEAE, ALSTROEMERIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE, ASPARAGACEAE, COLCHICACEAE, HELONIADACEAE, HEMEROCALLIDACEAE, HOSTACEAE, HYACINTHACEAE, HYPOXIDACEAE, MELANTHIACEAE, NARTHECIACEAE, RUSCACEAE, SMILACACEAE, THEMIDACEAE, TOFIELDIACEAE, TRILLIACEAE, XEROPHYLLACEAE]

NCBG DESCRIPTIVES

INTRO: Colony-forming perennial from a bulb, growing on mesic soils of slopes and floodplain forests, gabbro glades and other calcareous upland flats.
STEMS: Stem a smooth, slightly flattened scape rising from a rosette of leaves.
LEAVES: Leaves basal, strap-like, 14–24 in. long, sprawling, waxy blue-green.
INFLORESCENCE:
FLOWERS: Flowers 4–10 in a cluster of top of scape, white, to 8 in. wide, consisting of a green tube that flares out to a 2-in.-wide white, membranous, funnel-shaped cup (“corona”) with irregular margins and 6 white spider-leg-like extensions; 6 stamens are attached to the margins of the corona.
FRUITS:
COMMENTS: Each flower blooms for 1 day or less, first opening in late afternoon/evening.
HEIGHT: 12-18 in.
DURATION: Perennial
HABIT: Herb
LEAF ARRANGEMENT: Basal
LEAF COMPLEXITY: Simple
LEAF RETENTION:
FLORAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMMETRY: Radial (Actinomorphic)
BLOOM TIME: Jul-Aug
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
x x

BLOOM COLOR: White
White Red Pink Orange Yellow Green Blue Lavender Purple Violet Brown Not Applicable
x

FRUITING PERIOD:
DISTRIBUTION
HABITAT TYPE: Bottomlands, Moist forests, Outcrops and glades
NATIVE RANGE:
HORTICULTURAL
Plant Sale Text:

Bloom Table Text:

NCBG Location:

Cultural Notes:

SOIL MOISTURE:
LIGHT EXPOSURE:
MINIMUM HARDINESS ZONE:
MAXIMUM HARDINESS ZONE:
GERMINATION CODE:
WILDLIFE VALUE:
DEER RESISTANCE:

GRIM ACCESSIONS

acc_id acc_num acc_dt coll_id Action
2085 1986-1884 View

GRIM PLANTINGS

plt_num acc_id loc_num pers_num inst_dt Action
3470 2085 189 NCBG staff 1986-12-31 View

USDA PLANTS DATABASE

USDA Symbol: HYOC2
USDA Common Name: Northern Spiderlily
Native Status: L48 (N)
Distribution: USA (AL, AR, FL, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MO, MS, NC, TN, TX)
Duration: Perennial
Growth Habit: Forb/herb

NATIONAL WETLAND INDICATOR STATUS

Region:AGCPAKAWCBEMPGPHIMWNCNEWMVE
Status: OBL OBL FACW OBL

This information is derived from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 2016 National Wetland Plant List, Version 3.3 (Lichvar, R.W., D.L. Banks, W.N. Kirchner, and N.C. Melvin. 2016. The National Wetland Plant List: 2016 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron 2016-30: 1-17. Published 28 April 2016. ISSN 2153 733X). Regions: AGCP-Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain, AK-Alaska, AW-Arid West, CB-Caribbean, EMP-Eastern Mountains and Piedmont, GP-Great Plains, HI-Hawaii, MW-Midwest, NCNE-Northcentral and Northeast, WMCV-Western Mountains, Valleys & Coast

2018 Natural Heritage Program List of Rare Plant Species of North Carolina

NHP IDS RANKROUNDED S RANKG RANKROUNDED G RANKSTATE STATUSFEDERAL STATUS
19341 SH SH G4? G4 SC-H

This information is derived from the 2018 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program List of Rare Plant Species.

WEAKLEY FLORA

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Hymenocallis occidentalis var. occidentalis
COMMON NAME: Hammock Spiderlily, Woodland Spiderlily, Northern Spiderlily
SYNONYMY: [= FNA, Z; < Hymenocallis sp. ? - GW; < H. occidentalis - S, WH3; = H. caroliniana (Linnaeus) Herbert - K, misapplied]
PHENOLOGY:
HABITAT: Mesic soils of slopes and floodplain forests, gabbro glades and other calcareous upland flats.
COMMENTS: NC south to Panhandle FL, west to AR and LA. Var. eulae (Shinners) G. Lom. Smith & Flory is endemic in the West Gulf Coastal Plain.
RANGE MAP: Hymenocallis occidentalis var. occidentalis.png

Key to Map Symbols
ABOUT FAMILY (Weakley Flora)
Liliaceae A.L. de Jussieu 1789 (Lily Family)
SUMMARY: As here interpreted narrowly, the Liliaceae constitutes about 11 genera and 550 species, of the Northern Hemisphere. There has been much investigation and re-interpretation of evidence regarding the upper-level taxonomy of the Liliales, with strong suggestions that the broad Liliaceae recognized by Cronquist (1981) is artificial and polyphyletic. Cronquist (1981) himself concurs, at least to a degree: we still await a comprehensive reorganization of the lilies into several families more comparable to other recognized families of angiosperms. Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) and Dahlgren, Clifford, & Yeo (1985) synthesized an early phase in the modern revolution of monocot taxonomy. Since then, additional research, especially molecular (Duvall et al. 1993, Chase et al. 1993, Bogler & Simpson 1995, and many others more recently), has strongly validated the general lines (and many details) of Dahlgrens arrangement.
REFERENCE: Chen et al. (2013); Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998, 2003, 2009); Tamura in Kubitzki (1998a). [also see AGAVACEAE, ALLIACEAE, ALSTROEMERIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE, ASPARAGACEAE, COLCHICACEAE, HELONIADACEAE, HEMEROCALLIDACEAE, HOSTACEAE, HYACINTHACEAE, HYPOXIDACEAE, MELANTHIACEAE, NARTHECIACEAE, RUSCACEAE, SMILACACEAE, THEMIDACEAE, TOFIELDIACEAE, TRILLIACEAE, XEROPHYLLACEAE]
ABOUT GENUS (Weakley Flora)
Hymenocallis Salisb. (Spiderlily)
SUMMARY: A genus of about 50 species, from s. North America and the West Indies south to ne. South America. The appropriate systematics and nomenclature of Hymenocallis in se. United States are still unstable and uncertain. Recent publications by Smith and co-workers (e.g. Smith & Garland 1996, 2003; Smith & Flory 1990; Smith & Flory in FNA (2002a) have revolutionized our understanding of southeastern United States Hymenocallis.
REFERENCE: Smith & Garland (2003)=Z; Meerow & Snijman in Kubitzki (1998a); Smith & Flory in FNA (2002a); Garland, Smith, & Anderson (2013). Key adapted from Smith & Flory in FNA (2002a).

HERBARIUM RESOURCES

SERNEC: Find Hymenocallis occidentalis in Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)
UNC SERNEC: Find Hymenocallis occidentalis in University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Herbarium - Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)

WEB RESOURCES

USDA: Find Hymenocallis occidentalis in USDA Plants
NPIN: Find Hymenocallis occidentalis in NPIN Database
FNA: Find Hymenocallis occidentalis in the Flora of North America (if available)
Google: Search Google for Hymenocallis occidentalis

IMAGE USE RECORDS

ID IMAGE: 21599 - Primary Image FloraQuest Plant Detail Page (Landscape Preferred)
ID IMAGE1: 21599 - Primary Image WOTAS
ID IMAGE2: 0 - Secondary Image WOTAS
ID IMAGE3: 21599 - Primary Image Plant Sale Sign (Landscape Only)
ID IMAGE4: 0 - Primary Image New Plant Sale Label (Portrait Only)

From the Image Gallery


Image ID: 21600

Image ID: 21601
3 photo(s) available in the Image Gallery

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