North Carolina Botanical Garden

Plant Index

Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Genus:
Family:

Carphephorus bellidifolius

Carphephorus bellidifolius (Michx.) Torr. & A. Gray

sandywoods chaffhead, sandhill chaffhead

Carphephorus bellidifolius (Sandywoods Chaffhead)

Image ID: 19453
Image by: Stuart, Will
Image Collection: NCBG Digital Library

PLANT INDEX

ID_PLANT: CABE4
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Carphephorus bellidifolius
Include in WOTAS: 1
Publish to Web: 1
Last Modified: 2018-11-08

GENUS INDEX

GENUS CODE: CARPH
GENUS SCIENTIFIC: Carphephorus
GENUS AUTHORITY: Cass.
GENUS COMMON: Chaffhead
GENUS SUMMARY: A genus of 4 species, herbs, endemic to the Southeastern Coastal Plain of North America. The merger of Trilisa and Litrisa into Carphephorus has been questioned (Schmidt & Schilling 2000) and Schilling (2011) provides evidence that both Trilisa and Litrisa should be maintained as separate genera. Schilling (2011b) states that �Carphephorus s.s. remains enigmatic, and not only do the features that appear to be diagnostic for the genus appear to be plesiomorphies (elongate rootstocks; cymose capitulescences; larger heads; and notched tips of the anther appendages), there is no evidence from the molecular results that it represents a monophyletic entity. One potential resolution would be to recognize as distinct genera C. corymbosus, C. pseudoliatris, and C. bellidifolius + C. tomentosus. A second and perhaps better approach would be to combine Carphephorus s.s. (e.g. excluding Trilisa and Litrisa) and Liatris into a single genus.� The only species of this complex not occurring in our area is Litrisa carnosa Small (of c. peninsular FL).
GENUS IDENTIFICATION:
GENUS REFERENCES: Nesom in FNA (2006c); Schilling (2011)=V; Correa & Wilbur (1969)=Z; DeLaney, Bissett, & Weidenhamer (1999)=Y; Orzell & Bridges (2002)=X; Cronquist (1980)=SE.

FAMILY INDEX

FAMILY CODE: ASTERA
FAMILY SCIENTIFIC: Asteraceae
FAMILY AUTHORITY: Dumortier 1822 or COMPOSITAE Giseke 1792
FAMILY COMMON: Aster Family
FAMILY SUMMARY: A family of about 1500-1700 genera and 20,000-25,000 species, shrubs, herbs, trees, and vines, cosmopolitan in distribution.
FAMILY REFERENCE: Cronquist (1980)=SE throughout family treatment.

NCBG DESCRIPTIVES

INTRO: Erect-ascending perennial of dry sandy forests and woodlands, primarily in the Sandhills region.
STEMS: Stems 1-several, smooth or short-hairy.
LEAVES: Leaves basal (numerous) and alternate on the stem, petiolate, elliptic to oblong-lance-shaped with blunt tips, to 8 in. long (reduced and becoming sessile upward), mostly smooth.
INFLORESCENCE:
FLOWERS: Composite flowers (heads) in much-branched terminal cluster that is as broad as long; heads 1/2-3/4 in. wide, consisting of 15-30 pink to purple, 5-lobed, tubular disk florets and protruding stamens. Several series of recurved, hairy-margined, green (tinged purple) bracts surround the bell-shaped base of each head.
FRUITS:
COMMENTS:
HEIGHT: 1-1 3/4 ft.

DURATION: Perennial
HABIT: Herb

LEAF ARRANGEMENT: Alternate
LEAF COMPLEXITY: Simple
LEAF RETENTION:

FLORAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMMETRY: Mixed
BLOOM TIME: Aug-Oct

Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
						x	x	x	x	x

BLOOM COLOR: Pink, purple

White	Red	Pink	Orange	Yellow	Green	Blue	Lavender	Purple	Violet	Brown	Not Applicable
		x						x

FRUITING PERIOD:

DISTRIBUTION
HABITAT TYPE: Dry forests, Sandhills, Woods margins
NATIVE RANGE: VA, NC, SC & GA

HORTICULTURAL
Plant Sale Text:

Bloom Table Text:

NCBG Location:

Cultural Notes:

SOIL MOISTURE: Dry, Average
LIGHT EXPOSURE: Sun, Part Shade
MINIMUM HARDINESS ZONE:
MAXIMUM HARDINESS ZONE:
GERMINATION CODE:
WILDLIFE VALUE:
DEER RESISTANCE:

GRIM COLLECTIONS

Coll_id	Project	Collection date	Collector	Action
306	HORT	2009-10-16	Poythress	View
871	SOS	2016-11-20	Dakar	View
1448	HORT	2006-11-26	Liloia	View
2342	NPMD	2019-11-11	Touloupas	View
2348	NPMD	2019-11-11	Touloupas	View
2396	NPMD	2019-11-22	Touloupas	View
2517	NPMD	2021-11-05	Marzolf	View
2709	NPMD	2022-11-03	Kunz	View

GRIM ACCESSIONS

acc_id	acc_num	acc_dt	coll_id	Action
302	2011-0166	2011-07-09	306	View
6415	1996-0031			View
7556	2000-0319	2000-10-05		View
7850	2001-0210	2001-11-29		View

GRIM PLANTINGS

plt_num	acc_id	loc_num	pers_num	inst_dt	Action
715	302	44	NCBG staff	2011-05-10	View
9071	6415	58	NCBG staff	1995-09-15	View
10616	7556	52	NCBG staff	1967-12-31	View
10617	7556	52	NCBG staff	1967-12-31	View
10618	7556	55	NCBG staff	1967-12-31	View
11063	7850	51	Stern	2001-11-01	View
11064	7850	54	NCBG staff	2001-11-01	View

USDA PLANTS DATABASE

USDA Symbol: CABE4
USDA Common Name: Sandywoods Chaffhead
Native Status: L48 (N)
Distribution: USA (GA, NC, SC, VA)
Duration: Perennial
Growth Habit: Forb/herb

WEAKLEY FLORA

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Carphephorus bellidifolius
COMMON NAME: Sandhill Chaffhead
SYNONYMY: [= C, F, FNA, G, K, RAB, S, SE, V, Va, Z]
PHENOLOGY: Aug-Oct.
HABITAT: Xeric sandy forests and woodlands, primarily in sandhills.
COMMENTS: Se. VA to extreme e. GA. The leaf apices are generally blunt, giving the leaves a nearly spatulate shape. Although often occurring with other species of Carphephorus, C. bellidifolius ranges into drier habitats than its congeners.
RANGE MAP: Carphephorus bellidifolius.png

Key to Map Symbols

ABOUT FAMILY (Weakley Flora)
Asteraceae Dumortier 1822 or COMPOSITAE Giseke 1792 (Aster Family)
SUMMARY: A family of about 1500-1700 genera and 20,000-25,000 species, shrubs, herbs, trees, and vines, cosmopolitan in distribution.
REFERENCE: Cronquist (1980)=SE throughout family treatment.

ABOUT GENUS (Weakley Flora)
Carphephorus Cass. (Chaffhead)
SUMMARY: A genus of 4 species, herbs, endemic to the Southeastern Coastal Plain of North America. The merger of Trilisa and Litrisa into Carphephorus has been questioned (Schmidt & Schilling 2000) and Schilling (2011) provides evidence that both Trilisa and Litrisa should be maintained as separate genera. Schilling (2011b) states that �Carphephorus s.s. remains enigmatic, and not only do the features that appear to be diagnostic for the genus appear to be plesiomorphies (elongate rootstocks; cymose capitulescences; larger heads; and notched tips of the anther appendages), there is no evidence from the molecular results that it represents a monophyletic entity. One potential resolution would be to recognize as distinct genera C. corymbosus, C. pseudoliatris, and C. bellidifolius + C. tomentosus. A second and perhaps better approach would be to combine Carphephorus s.s. (e.g. excluding Trilisa and Litrisa) and Liatris into a single genus.� The only species of this complex not occurring in our area is Litrisa carnosa Small (of c. peninsular FL).
REFERENCE: Nesom in FNA (2006c); Schilling (2011)=V; Correa & Wilbur (1969)=Z; DeLaney, Bissett, & Weidenhamer (1999)=Y; Orzell & Bridges (2002)=X; Cronquist (1980)=SE.

HERBARIUM RESOURCES

SERNEC: Find Carphephorus bellidifolius in Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)
UNC SERNEC: Find Carphephorus bellidifolius in University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Herbarium - Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)

WEB RESOURCES

USDA: Find Carphephorus bellidifolius in USDA Plants
NPIN: Find Carphephorus bellidifolius in NPIN Database
FNA: Find Carphephorus bellidifolius in the Flora of North America (if available)
Google: Search Google for Carphephorus bellidifolius

IMAGE USE RECORDS

ID IMAGE: 19453 - Primary Image FloraQuest Plant Detail Page (Landscape Preferred)
ID IMAGE1: 13441 - Primary Image WOTAS
ID IMAGE2: 0 - Secondary Image WOTAS
ID IMAGE3: 19453 - Primary Image Plant Sale Sign (Landscape Only)
ID IMAGE4: 0 - Primary Image New Plant Sale Label (Portrait Only)