Plant Index
Viburnum rafinesqueanum
Viburnum rafinesqueanum Schult.
downy arrow-wood, downy arrowwood
Image ID: 7485
Image by: Parkins, Grant Morrow
Image Collection: NCBG Digital Library
PLANT INDEX
ID_PLANT: VIRASCIENTIFIC NAME: Viburnum rafinesqueanum
Include in WOTAS: 0
Publish to Web: 1
Last Modified: 2019-04-03
GENUS INDEX
GENUS CODE: VIBURGENUS SCIENTIFIC: Viburnum
GENUS AUTHORITY: L.
GENUS COMMON: Viburnum
GENUS SUMMARY: (contributed by B.A. Sorrie & A.S. Weakley)
GENUS IDENTIFICATION: Identification notes: Leaves vary in shape in some taxa more than in others; we have allowed for some of this variation in the key, but readers should expect that some specimens will not key cleanly, especially rapidly-growing vegetative shoots. Petiole length of leaves varies considerably, even with those possessing “short” petioles. However, by measuring only the petioles of the first leaves below an inflorescence one reduces the chances of misidentifications greatly. Warning: even in some of the “long” petioled taxa, one may occasionally encounter unusually short petioles; therefore it is wise to examine several twigs. Density of pubescence and glandularity of leaves, petioles, and inflorescences varies more in some taxa than in others; we have allowed for some of this variation in the key, but readers should expect that some specimens will not key cleanly, especially vegetative shoots. Stipitate glands are usually very short, especially those on leaf veins; a 10× lens may not be adequate to see them clearly. It is our belief, based on thousands of specimens examined and years of fieldwork, that most Viburnum tend to lose pubescence, and perhaps glandularity as well, as the season progresses.
GENUS REFERENCES: Clement et al. (2014); McAtee (1956)=Z; Ferguson (1966a)=Y; Weckman et al. (2002); Winkworth & Donoghue (2005).
FAMILY INDEX
FAMILY CODE: VIBURNFAMILY SCIENTIFIC: Viburnaceae
FAMILY AUTHORITY: Rafinesque 1820
FAMILY COMMON: Viburnum Family
FAMILY SUMMARY: A family of about 5 genera and about 175-210 species, shrubs, small trees, and herbs (here interpreted as including Sambucus and Viburnum), mainly of the Northern Hemisphere. There now appears to be little doubt that Sambucus and Viburnum are more naturally placed in a separate family, in contrast to their traditional placement in the Caprifoliaceae (Zhang et al. 2003, Eriksson & Donoghue 1997). The correct name for that segregate family has been in dispute, but the failure of a super-conservation proposal for Adoxaceae means that Viburnaceae is the correct name (Wilson 2016).
FAMILY REFERENCE: Backlund & Bittrich in Kadereit & Bittrich (2016); Ferguson (1966a); Wilson (2016).
NCBG DESCRIPTIVES
INTRO:STEMS:
LEAVES:
INFLORESCENCE:
FLOWERS:
FRUITS:
COMMENTS:
HEIGHT: up-6 feet
DURATION: Perennial
HABIT: Shrub
LEAF ARRANGEMENT:
LEAF COMPLEXITY:
LEAF RETENTION: Deciduous
FLORAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMMETRY:
BLOOM TIME: Mid Apr-May
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| x | x | x |
BLOOM COLOR: Creamy white flowers
| White | Red | Pink | Orange | Yellow | Green | Blue | Lavender | Purple | Violet | Brown | Not Applicable |
| x |
FRUITING PERIOD: Jun-Jul.
DISTRIBUTION
HABITAT TYPE:
NATIVE RANGE: eastern North America
HORTICULTURAL
Plant Sale Text: Downy Arrow-wood is a native deciduous shrub, very tolerant of many growing conditions. Although easy to grow, this southeastern native shrub is not often offered for sale. New leaves appearing in the spring have an appealing crinkled-looking texture. The numerous small flowers have an unusual fragrance, unpleasant to some. Plant Downy Arrow-wood in a well-drained spot. It does well as a screening shrub at the edge of trees.
Bloom Table Text:
NCBG Location:
Cultural Notes:
SOIL MOISTURE: Dry, Average, Well-drained
LIGHT EXPOSURE: Sun, Part Shade, Shade
MINIMUM HARDINESS ZONE: 3
MAXIMUM HARDINESS ZONE: 8
GERMINATION CODE:
WILDLIFE VALUE: Bee Friendly, Butterfly Friendly, Bird Friendly
DEER RESISTANCE:
GRIM ACCESSIONS
| acc_id | acc_num | acc_dt | coll_id | Action |
| 215 | 2011-0041 | 2011-01-31 | 214 | View |
| 730 | 1985-0380 | View | ||
| 2240 | 1986-2062 | View | ||
| 3714 | 1991-0409 | View | ||
| 4596 | 1992-0752 | View | ||
| 5010 | 1995-0129 | View | ||
| 5221 | 1995-0340 | View | ||
| 5546 | 1995-0669 | View | ||
| 6375 | 1995-1507 | View | ||
| 6981 | 1998-0195 | View | ||
| 7425 | 2000-0170 | 2000-04-25 | View | |
| 8266 | 2004-0296 | 2006-09-01 | View | |
| 8270 | 2004-0304 | 2006-09-21 | View | |
| 8574 | 2006-0153 | 2006-08-11 | View | |
| 8581 | 2006-0160 | 2006-08-11 | View | |
| 8595 | 2006-0174 | 2006-08-11 | View | |
| 8603 | 2006-0182 | 2006-08-11 | View | |
| 8626 | 2006-0214 | 2006-08-24 | View | |
| 8715 | 2006-0411 | 2006-11-13 | View | |
| 8796 | 2007-0066 | 2007-03-13 | View | |
| 8849 | 2007-0159 | 2007-06-20 | View | |
| 9249 | 2019-0008 | 2019-06-26 | 0 | View |
GRIM COLLECTIONS
| Coll_id | Project | Collection date | Collector | Action |
| 214 | HORT | NCBG staff | View |
GRIM PLANTINGS
| plt_num | acc_id | loc_num | pers_num | inst_dt | Action |
| 434 | 215 | 100 | Wenck | 2011-02-01 | View |
| 435 | 215 | 14 | NCBG staff | 2011-03-16 | View |
| 436 | 215 | 17 | NCBG staff | 2011-03-16 | View |
| 1438 | 730 | 159 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 1439 | 730 | 161 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 1440 | 730 | 198 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 3906 | 2240 | 53 | NCBG staff | 1967-12-31 | View |
| 6019 | 3714 | 52 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 6020 | 3714 | 199 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 6925 | 4596 | 200 | NCBG staff | 1993-03-01 | View |
| 7429 | 5010 | 202 | NCBG staff | 1992-01-01 | View |
| 7674 | 5221 | 203 | NCBG staff | 1992-01-01 | View |
| 8060 | 5546 | 204 | NCBG staff | 1993-01-01 | View |
| 9030 | 6375 | 2 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 9855 | 6981 | 165 | NCBG staff | 1998-05-08 | View |
| 10429 | 7425 | 158 | NCBG staff | 1967-12-31 | View |
| 10430 | 7425 | 159 | NCBG staff | 1967-12-31 | View |
| 10431 | 7425 | 171 | NCBG staff | 2000-04-19 | View |
| 10432 | 7425 | 166 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 11538 | 8266 | 27 | NCBG staff | 2002-01-01 | View |
| 11547 | 8270 | 178 | NCBG staff | 2004-09-15 | View |
| 11764 | 8574 | 205 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 11771 | 8581 | 205 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 11785 | 8595 | 205 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 11793 | 8603 | 205 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 11818 | 8626 | 136 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 11942 | 8715 | 83 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 12048 | 8796 | 71 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 12096 | 8849 | 187 | NCBG staff | 0000-00-00 | View |
| 12372 | 9249 | 115 | Wenck | 2019-03-15 | View |
USDA PLANTS DATABASE
USDA Symbol: VIRAUSDA Common Name: Downy Arrowwood
Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (N)
Distribution: USA (AL, AR, CT, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, NC, ND, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV), CAN (MB, ON, QC)
Duration: Perennial
Growth Habit: Shrub
WEAKLEY FLORA
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Viburnum rafinesqueanumCOMMON NAME: Downy Arrow-wood
SYNONYMY: [= Va; > V. rafinesquianum var. rafinesquianum - C, F, G, Il, Y; = V. rafinesquianum - K1, K2, Pa, RAB, S, W, WV (orthographic variant); > V. affine Bush ex Schneider var. hypomalacum Blake - Z]
PHENOLOGY: Mid Apr-May; Jun-Jul.
HABITAT: Dry-mesic to dry woodlands and forests, especially over mafic rocks (but not at all restricted to such sites), less commonly in moister sites.
COMMENTS: NH, QC and MB south to n. GA, AL, AR, and OK; apparently not yet recorded for SC.
RANGE MAP: Viburnum rafinesqueanum.png
Key to Map Symbols
ABOUT FAMILY (Weakley Flora)
Viburnaceae Rafinesque 1820 (Viburnum Family)
SUMMARY: A family of about 5 genera and about 175-210 species, shrubs, small trees, and herbs (here interpreted as including Sambucus and Viburnum), mainly of the Northern Hemisphere. There now appears to be little doubt that Sambucus and Viburnum are more naturally placed in a separate family, in contrast to their traditional placement in the Caprifoliaceae (Zhang et al. 2003, Eriksson & Donoghue 1997). The correct name for that segregate family has been in dispute, but the failure of a super-conservation proposal for Adoxaceae means that Viburnaceae is the correct name (Wilson 2016).
REFERENCE: Backlund & Bittrich in Kadereit & Bittrich (2016); Ferguson (1966a); Wilson (2016).
ABOUT GENUS (Weakley Flora)
Viburnum L. (Viburnum)
SUMMARY: (contributed by B.A. Sorrie & A.S. Weakley)
REFERENCE: Clement et al. (2014); McAtee (1956)=Z; Ferguson (1966a)=Y; Weckman et al. (2002); Winkworth & Donoghue (2005).
HERBARIUM RESOURCES
SERNEC: Find Viburnum rafinesqueanum in Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)UNC SERNEC: Find Viburnum rafinesqueanum in University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Herbarium - Southeast Regional Network of Experts and Collections (if available)
WEB RESOURCES
USDA: Find Viburnum rafinesqueanum in USDA PlantsNPIN: Find Viburnum rafinesqueanum in NPIN Database
FNA: Find Viburnum rafinesqueanum in the Flora of North America (if available)
Google: Search Google for Viburnum rafinesqueanum
NCBG IMAGE RECORDS
ID IMAGE1: 7485ID IMAGE2: 7485
ID IMAGE3: 25797
From the Image Gallery
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